Calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime, hydrated lime, or caustic lime, is a widely used chemical compound with diverse applications across various industries. Understanding its safety profile is crucial for handling and working with this substance responsibly. This safety data sheet (SDS) provides comprehensive information on calcium hydroxide's hazards, handling precautions, and emergency procedures. While this document aims to provide a thorough overview, always refer to the SDS provided by your specific supplier for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
What are the Hazards of Calcium Hydroxide?
Calcium hydroxide presents several hazards, primarily related to its corrosive and irritant properties. Direct contact can cause significant harm, necessitating careful handling and appropriate protective measures.
Health Hazards:
- Skin and Eye Irritation: Calcium hydroxide is a strong irritant that can cause redness, pain, and burning upon contact with skin and eyes. Prolonged exposure can lead to severe burns and ulcerations.
- Respiratory Irritation: Inhalation of calcium hydroxide dust can irritate the respiratory tract, causing coughing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can lead to more serious respiratory problems.
- Ingestion: Ingesting calcium hydroxide can cause severe burns to the mouth, throat, and esophagus. It can also lead to nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
What are the First Aid Measures for Calcium Hydroxide Exposure?
Immediate action is crucial in case of calcium hydroxide exposure.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids occasionally. Seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists or is severe.
Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting. Give the victim plenty of water to drink. Seek immediate medical attention.
What are the Safe Handling and Storage Practices for Calcium Hydroxide?
Proper handling and storage are essential for minimizing the risk of exposure and accidents.
Handling:
- Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, eye protection, and respiratory protection (if necessary).
- Avoid breathing dust. Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to minimize dust generation.
- Handle calcium hydroxide gently to prevent spills and minimize dust generation.
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling calcium hydroxide.
Storage:
- Store calcium hydroxide in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
- Keep containers tightly closed.
- Store calcium hydroxide separately from acids and other incompatible substances to prevent dangerous reactions.
What are the Physical and Chemical Properties of Calcium Hydroxide?
Understanding the physical and chemical properties of calcium hydroxide is essential for safe handling and use. Key properties include:
- Appearance: White powder or colorless crystals.
- Odor: Odorless.
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water.
- pH: Highly alkaline (around 12.4 in a saturated solution).
What are the Environmental Considerations for Calcium Hydroxide?
While not considered a highly toxic substance, calcium hydroxide can still have environmental impacts. Proper disposal is crucial to minimize these effects.
- Avoid releasing calcium hydroxide into the environment.
- Dispose of calcium hydroxide according to local regulations.
What are the Different Uses of Calcium Hydroxide?
Calcium hydroxide has a remarkably wide range of applications, highlighting its versatility. These applications include:
- Construction: Used in mortar, plaster, and cement.
- Water Treatment: Used to adjust the pH of water and remove impurities.
- Agriculture: Used to adjust soil pH and improve crop yields.
- Food Processing: Used as a food additive (E526) in some products.
- Industrial Processes: Used in various industrial applications, including paper production and wastewater treatment.
How is Calcium Hydroxide Produced?
Calcium hydroxide is typically produced through the reaction of quicklime (calcium oxide) with water, a process known as slaking. This reaction is highly exothermic, generating significant heat.
What are the Regulatory Information and Compliance Requirements for Calcium Hydroxide?
Compliance with all relevant local, regional, and national regulations is essential when handling, storing, and transporting calcium hydroxide. Regulations often cover aspects such as labeling, transportation, and disposal.
This safety data sheet offers a comprehensive overview of calcium hydroxide's properties, hazards, and safe handling practices. Remember that this information is for general guidance only, and you should always consult your supplier's SDS for the most accurate and current information relevant to your specific product. Always prioritize safety and follow all relevant regulations.
