Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last teeth to erupt in the mouth, typically appearing between the ages of 17 and 25. However, unlike their predecessors, wisdom teeth often lack the space needed to emerge properly. This frequently leads to impaction, where the tooth becomes stuck beneath the gum line, or emerges at an awkward angle, such as sideways. This article will delve into the complexities of sideways wisdom teeth, exploring the causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
What Causes Wisdom Teeth to Come in Sideways?
The primary reason for wisdom teeth erupting sideways is a lack of space in the jaw. As we age, our jaws generally stop growing, leaving insufficient room for these latecomers. This overcrowding forces the wisdom teeth to emerge at unusual angles, often sideways, horizontally, or partially embedded in the jawbone. Genetic factors also play a significant role. If your parents or siblings experienced impacted wisdom teeth, you are more likely to experience the same.
What are the Symptoms of a Sideways Wisdom Tooth?
The symptoms of a sideways impacted wisdom tooth can vary greatly depending on the degree of impaction and whether it's causing any problems. Some individuals experience no discomfort at all, while others face significant pain and complications. Common symptoms include:
- Swelling: The gums around the impacted tooth may swell and become tender to the touch.
- Pain: This can range from mild discomfort to severe, throbbing pain, particularly when chewing.
- Infection: A partially erupted wisdom tooth provides a breeding ground for bacteria, potentially leading to pericoronitis (gum infection). This can cause intense pain, swelling, and bad breath.
- Jaw stiffness: Difficulty opening your mouth wide may occur due to swelling and inflammation.
- Headaches: In some cases, impacted wisdom teeth can trigger headaches.
What Happens if a Sideways Wisdom Tooth is Left Untreated?
Ignoring an impacted wisdom tooth, especially one erupting sideways, can have serious consequences:
- Recurring infections: Repeated bouts of pericoronitis can lead to chronic infection, potentially spreading to other areas of the mouth or even the bloodstream.
- Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs (cysts) can develop around the impacted tooth, damaging adjacent teeth and bone.
- Damage to nearby teeth: The pressure from a sideways wisdom tooth can shift other teeth, leading to misalignment and bite problems.
- Tumors: Although rare, impacted wisdom teeth have been associated with the development of tumors.
How are Sideways Wisdom Teeth Treated?
The primary treatment for sideways impacted wisdom teeth is surgical removal (extraction). This procedure usually involves making a small incision in the gum tissue to access and remove the tooth. In some cases, a small portion of the jawbone may need to be removed to facilitate extraction. The complexity of the surgery depends on the position and angle of the impacted tooth.
Is extraction always necessary?
While extraction is the most common treatment, it’s not always necessary. If the wisdom tooth is completely asymptomatic and poses no risk to the surrounding teeth or jawbone, your dentist or oral surgeon may recommend monitoring it closely instead. However, regular checkups are crucial to detect any potential problems early.
How Painful is Wisdom Tooth Extraction?
The level of pain experienced during and after wisdom tooth extraction varies from person to person. Modern techniques, including the use of local anesthesia and pain medication, minimize discomfort during the procedure itself. Post-operative pain is usually manageable with over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers. Your oral surgeon will provide detailed post-operative instructions to ensure a smooth recovery.
Can I Get My Wisdom Teeth Removed Under Local Anesthesia?
Yes, most wisdom teeth extractions, even those involving sideways impacted teeth, can be performed under local anesthesia. This numbs the area around the tooth, eliminating pain during the procedure. However, in complex cases, general anesthesia may be recommended, especially if multiple teeth need to be removed. Your oral surgeon will determine the most appropriate anesthesia based on your individual needs and the complexity of the case.
What are the Risks of Wisdom Tooth Removal?
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks associated with wisdom tooth extraction, including:
- Infection: The risk of infection can be minimized by following post-operative instructions carefully.
- Dry socket: This is a painful condition that occurs when the blood clot at the extraction site dislodges.
- Nerve damage: Although rare, damage to nearby nerves can occur, potentially leading to numbness or tingling in the lip, chin, or tongue.
- Bleeding: Excessive bleeding is uncommon but can occur in some cases.
This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a dentist or oral surgeon for diagnosis and treatment of impacted wisdom teeth. They can assess your individual situation and recommend the best course of action.
