How to Deepen a Picture Frame Rabbet Depth
Deepening a picture frame rabbet is a common woodworking task, often necessary when you need to accommodate thicker artwork, mats, or glass. While it might seem daunting, with the right tools and techniques, it's a manageable project for woodworkers of all skill levels. This guide will walk you through several methods, addressing common questions and concerns.
Understanding Rabbets and Their Depth
Before diving into the methods, let's clarify what a rabbet is. A rabbet (or rebate) is a recessed channel cut into the edge of a piece of wood. In picture framing, the rabbet holds the artwork, mat, and glazing. Deepening this rabbet simply means increasing the depth of this channel.
Why Deepen a Picture Frame Rabbet?
Several reasons necessitate deepening a picture frame rabbet:
- Thicker Artwork: If you're framing a piece of artwork or a photograph with significant depth (e.g., a three-dimensional sculpture, a piece with substantial texture), the existing rabbet might be too shallow.
- Multiple Mats: Using multiple mats adds to the overall thickness requiring a deeper rabbet to accommodate them all.
- Thicker Glass: Museum-quality or extra-protective glass can be thicker than standard glazing, necessitating a deeper rabbet.
- Frame Design Changes: Sometimes, a design change might require a deeper rabbet to incorporate new elements.
How to Deepen a Picture Frame Rabbet: Methods and Techniques
The best method for deepening a picture frame rabbet depends on the type of wood, the existing rabbet depth, and the tools available. Here are several options:
1. Using a Router:
This is the most efficient and precise method, especially for multiple frames.
- Choosing the Router Bit: You'll need a rabbeting bit, specifically designed for creating or modifying rabbets. Select a bit with the desired final rabbet depth.
- Setting Up the Router: Secure the frame firmly to your workbench using clamps. Ensure the router is properly adjusted to the depth you need. Make multiple passes, removing small amounts of wood with each pass to avoid tear-out.
- Guiding the Router: Use a straight edge or fence to guide the router for consistent depth and straight cuts.
2. Using a Hand Plane:
This is a slower but potentially more precise method, ideal for delicate frames or those made of softer wood.
- Choosing the Plane: Use a smoothing plane or a block plane, depending on the size of the rabbet and your comfort level. A sharp blade is crucial for clean cuts.
- Precise Cuts: Work slowly and methodically. Make several passes, removing small amounts of wood with each pass, to achieve the desired depth. Use the existing rabbet as a guide.
3. Using a Chisel:
This method is best suited for smaller frames or fine adjustments.
- Marking the Depth: Use a marking gauge to mark the desired depth on the frame.
- Careful Chiseling: With a sharp chisel, carefully remove the excess wood, working slowly and accurately. Use the existing rabbet as your guide to ensure an even depth.
What Tools Do I Need?
The tools needed depend on the chosen method:
- Router: If using a router, you'll need a rabbeting router bit, a router, clamps, and a straight edge or fence.
- Hand Plane: For a hand plane, a smoothing or block plane with a sharp blade is essential.
- Chisel: If using a chisel, you’ll need a sharp chisel, a mallet, and a marking gauge.
- Safety Glasses: Always wear safety glasses, regardless of the method used.
How Do I Prevent Damage to the Frame?
- Practice on Scraps: Before working on your actual frame, practice on scrap wood to get a feel for the tool and the process.
- Sharp Tools: Sharp tools are crucial to minimize tear-out and ensure clean cuts.
- Multiple Light Passes: Take multiple light passes instead of trying to remove all the material in one go.
- Clamping Securely: Securely clamp the frame to your workbench to prevent movement and accidents.
Deepening a picture frame rabbet is a skill that takes practice. By following these steps and choosing the right method, you can successfully modify your frames to accommodate your artwork and improve the overall presentation. Remember safety first!
