Are Above-Ground Tornado Shelters Safe? A Comprehensive Guide
The safety of an above-ground tornado shelter hinges on several crucial factors, making a simple "yes" or "no" answer insufficient. While they offer a level of protection superior to remaining in a home during a tornado, their safety depends on their construction, certification, and proper installation. Understanding these aspects is vital before investing in one.
What Makes an Above-Ground Tornado Shelter Safe?
A safe above-ground tornado shelter prioritizes robust construction designed to withstand extreme winds and flying debris. Key features include:
- Strong Materials: Shelters should be built from heavy-gauge steel, reinforced concrete, or a similarly durable material capable of resisting high-impact forces.
- Secure Anchoring: Proper anchoring to the ground is paramount. This prevents the shelter from being lifted or moved by strong winds. The anchoring system must be designed and installed by professionals.
- Impact Resistance: The walls and roof need to be thick enough to resist damage from flying debris. This often involves specialized engineering and construction techniques.
- Certification: Look for shelters certified by organizations like the National Storm Shelter Association (NSSA) or FEMA. Certification indicates the shelter has been rigorously tested to meet specific safety standards.
- Proper Ventilation: Sufficient ventilation is crucial to ensure breathable air inside the shelter during prolonged occupancy.
- Easy Access: The shelter's entry and exit should be easily accessible, even during emergency situations.
What are the Downsides of Above-Ground Tornado Shelters?
While offering significant safety advantages, above-ground shelters have some limitations:
- Vulnerability to Flooding: If the shelter is not elevated sufficiently above the potential flood level, it could be compromised during a flood accompanying a tornado.
- Visibility to Debris: While strong, above-ground shelters may not offer protection from unusually large or unusually heavy projectiles.
- Cost: Above-ground shelters tend to be more expensive than in-ground shelters, primarily due to the increased material requirements and construction complexity.
- Aesthetics: They can be more visually prominent in a yard compared to in-ground shelters.
Are Above-Ground Tornado Shelters Better Than Staying in a Home During a Tornado?
Absolutely. A properly constructed and installed above-ground tornado shelter offers far superior protection compared to remaining in a house during a tornado. Houses are not designed to withstand the extreme forces of a tornado.
How Do I Choose a Safe Above-Ground Tornado Shelter?
Choosing a safe shelter requires careful consideration:
- Research Reputable Manufacturers: Look for manufacturers with proven track records and positive customer reviews.
- Check Certifications: Ensure the shelter has the necessary certifications from reputable organizations.
- Professional Installation: Always opt for professional installation to guarantee proper anchoring and secure placement.
- Read Reviews: Thoroughly research different shelter models and read customer reviews to assess their performance and reliability.
What about Below-Ground Shelters? Are They Safer?
In-ground shelters often offer superior protection from flying debris due to their location, but also present their own set of challenges related to construction, cost, and potential water intrusion. Both above-ground and in-ground shelters can be exceptionally safe when properly designed and installed. The best choice depends on your specific needs, budget, and local conditions.
How Much Does an Above-Ground Tornado Shelter Cost?
The cost varies greatly depending on the size, materials, features, and installation. Expect to invest a significant amount of money. Get multiple quotes from reputable installers to compare pricing and features.
In conclusion, above-ground tornado shelters can be extremely safe, providing a refuge far superior to a home during a tornado. However, their safety is directly related to the quality of their construction, anchoring, and installation. By understanding these critical aspects and making informed choices, you can significantly enhance your family’s safety during severe weather events.
